富有表现力的活动

1. 什么是表达性活动?

 

Expressive activities are speech-related activities, including:

• 会议;
• other group events or activities by 学生组织 or their invited guests;
• 演讲;
• 表演;
• 示威活动;
• rallies;
• vigils;
• distributions of literature; and
• 受第一修正案保护的任何其他活动.

 

2. 什么样的言论受到第一修正案的保护?  

 

The U.S. Constitution protects most speech, with very limited exceptions. 在户外空间, 学院可以对时间进行合理的限制, place, and, 你的表达方式, and those limits must not depend on the content or viewpoint of the expressive activity.  除了, 户外区域, students, 学生组织, and their guests are not required to give notice before engaging in expressive activity.  换句话说, students, 学生组织, 员工, and guests may engage in spontaneous expressive activities as long as they do not engage in any of the conduct listed in Number 3 below.  (There may be exceptions to this general rule; 例如, your college may have an outdoor facility that requires a reservation to use.)

 

Indoors, 大学可能会限制表达活动, as long as any rules apply to everyone equally and are not based on the content or viewpoint of the speech.  The college may determine that certain indoor facilities are not available for expressive activity.  Common examples of such areas include: (1) administrative offices, (2)图书馆, (3)走廊, (4)教学时间的教室. 

 

3. What kind of actions related to protected speech can be regulated?

 

大多数言论都受到宪法的保护, 但有时, the actions that a speaker takes during an expressive activity are disruptive enough to allow a college to intervene, 不管实际表达的是什么. 用于室外设施和区域, students, 学生组织, and their guests may freely engage in expressive activity as long as they do not also engage in any of the following: 

• 阻断通往校园建筑物的通道;
• 妨碍交通(车辆或行人);
• 严重扰乱先前安排的校园活动;
• substantially disrupt college operations or violate or hinder the rights of others;
• break the law; or
• create a threat to public safety, according to the college’s police or security department.

 

另外, the First Amendment does not protect speech that is designed to incite or produce imminent lawless action, 这很可能会煽动或产生这样的行动.  Other types of unprotected speech include true threats and harassment in limited circumstances.  A true threat is a serious expression of an intent to commit an act of unlawful violence against a particular individual or group of individuals.  Unprotected harassment is behavior that is extreme and pervasive and so serious that it prevents a reasonable person from receiving his or her education.

 

4. How can someone reserve campus facilities for speech activities?

 

a. 请求提交

 

Contact the Vice President of Finance and Administration to reserve campus facilities. 名额以先到先得方式预留.  The college can state in advance that certain spaces cannot be reserved for speech activities.  Common examples include libraries, offices, hallways, and classrooms during instructional hours.  Any other restrictions on expressive activities that occur in indoor facilities must apply equally to everyone and not depend on the content or viewpoint of the expression, 或者对这种表达可能做出的反应. 

 

b. Timing

 

Colleges usually cannot require more than 24-hour advance notice unless the event requires additional planning to ensure safety and sufficient logistical support.  You are encouraged to request the facility as soon as possible. 

           

c. Denials

 

在评估预订设施的请求时, the college must not consider the content (unless the facility is used only for certain purposes, 例如, only for the college’s administration use) or viewpoint of the expressive activity, 或者对表达活动的可能反应.  If a facility or space is generally available to be reserved, 学院可以拒绝学生的预约, 学生组织, 或雇员仅出于以下原因:

 

• The venue is an indoor facility that has been designated as unavailable for reservation.
• The venue is an indoor facility and the request is in conflict with any restrictions the college has placed on the facility.  For example, a restriction could be that the indoor facility is unavailable on the weekends.
• 场地已在要求的时间被预订.
• The size of the anticipated crowd is too large for the space.
• The activity would substantially disrupt another event occurring in close proximity.
• The activity would substantially disrupt college operations.
• The activity is a clear and present threat to campus safety, according to police or security. 
• 这种活动发生在大学考试期间.
• 这种行为是违法的.

 

d. 对空间的责任

 

Anyone who reserves a facility or space is responsible for maintaining the space and will be responsible for any damages, 清洁费用, 或者其他成本.

 

5. Is the college required to have indoor areas available for spontaneous expressive activities?

 

No.  The college is not required to have an indoor area designated for spontaneous speech activities.  However, 如果它选择创建一个或多个, college officials must post that the area is available for students, 学生组织, 员工 and their guests to engage in expressive activities. 该区域必须对所有学生开放, 学生组织, 员工, 客人也一样, and not depend on the content or viewpoint of the expression or the possible reaction to it. 

 

6.  What do I do if someone or a group tries to disrupt my, my organization’s or invited guest’s speech?

 

报告受保护言论的中断, please contact the Vice President of Instruction and 学生服务 at 276-739-2538 or dwhisman@rockmark.net).  In cases of emergency, please the 校园警察 Department at (276) 614-8282 or (276) 739-2448 or 911. 

 

7.  我还有其他问题.

 

Please contact the Vice President of Instruction and 学生服务 at 276-739-2429 or dwhisman@rockmark.net)查阅更多资料.  您也可以参考 VHCC学生手册.

 

 

 

最后更新12.1.23

 

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[1] The words “speech” and “expressive activity” may be used interchangeably.